Combination stop mechanism for organs and the like



Aug. 20,

19,29 F. J. FLAHERTY 1,725,576

COMBINATION STOP MEGHANISM FORYORGANS AND THE LIKE Filed June 4, 1925 4Sheets-Sheet l Aug. 20, 1929. F. J. FLAHERTY COMBINATION STOP MECHANISMFOR ORGANS AND THE'LIKE 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed June 4, 1925 gjm/vanto@llg. 20, 1929- F.- J. FLAHERTY 1,725,576

COMBINATION STOP MCHANISM FOR ORGANS AND THE LIKE Filed June 4, 1925 4Sheets-Sheet 5 "ni: Lild @L ,il

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gmentoz attivame- Aug. 20, 1929. v F. J. FLAHERTY 1,725,576Y

COMBINATION STOP MECHANSM FOR ORGANS` AND THE LIKE Filed June 4, 1925 4Sheets-Sheet 4 vPatented Aug. 20, 1929.

UNITED STATES FREDERICK J. FLAHERTY, OF WOODSTOCK VALLEY,

MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, T lIELTE-MIGv A CORPORATION 0F DELAWARE.

COMBINATION STOP `MnoHANIs Application filed June 4,

Combination stop actions7 are those means, usually incorporated ininstruments of the pipe organ type, which are so correlated with thestop keys and stops as to permit a setting of the stops into one or moreselected combinations each of which is thereafter governed by acontrolling member corresponding thereto.

This invention aims generally to improve the mechanisms hithertoproposed for this purpose in various material respects. One ot theparticular objects is to provide, in a mechanism in which any one ormore of the stop keys may be set to come on while other stop keys areset to go off when a predetermined combination operating element isactuated, a correlation Ot' part-s which additionally permits any oneot' the stop keys to be set into such relation to any one Ot' thecombination operating elements as to be unaffected by the actuation ofthe latter.

In other words, it is particularly an object ot the invention to providea combination stop mechanism wherein any one of the stops may be set toon position, to off position or to a neutral position with relation toany one of the combination operating elements.

The term stop7 as herein usedeomprehends a graduated group or set ofpipes or other elements emitting tones having the same tonalquality, ora tremulant, coupler ete. together with the stop keys and connectionsbetween the respective stop keys and the corresponding set or group ot'tone emitting elements, swell shutters, etc. for controlling theoperation ot' the latter by said keys.

Recognizing that the main features of the invention may be variouslyembodied I have shown three different embodiments, but wish itunderstood that these are merely exemplary and that changes in detailsmay be made without departing from the spirit of the invention asdefined by appended claims.

In the accompanying drawings wherei like characters of reference denotecorresponding parts in the several views F ig. l is a view partly inperspective and partly in section showing a part of one iorin of acombination stop action constructed in accordance with my invention.

Figs. 2, 3 and 4 are detail views, partly in CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR, BYNON CORPORATION, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.,

M FOR ORGANS AND THE LIKE.

1925. Serial N0. 34,971.

elevation and partly in vertical section. particularly intended to showa combination operating element and its power means in three dilferentpositions, namely: when in oit position, Fig. 2; when in on position,Fig. 3; and while a setting is being made, Fig. 4. u `Fig. 5 is a detailview showing one suitable embodiment in which the combination operatingelements are operated directly by hand pressure instead of through themedium of a. manually controlled power means of electro-pneumaticnature.

Fig. 6 is a section on the line 6-6 of Fig. 5.

Figs. 7 and 8 are detail views illustrative of a further typicalembodiment; Fig. 7 being a view partly in elevation with a part of afront board broken away, and partly in vertical s-ction, and Fig. Sbeing a vertical section on the line 8 8 of Fig 7.

Fig. 9 is a detail view particularly intended to illustrate a suitableform ot' connecting means between a manually operable controlling meansand its corresponding combination operating element, the connectionillustrated being adaptable to different embodiments of the inventiontypified by Figs. 5-8, inclusive.

Figs. l0, 1l and 12 are detail views showing the relation of certainelements and indieative of the relation thereto of certain otherelements, with respect to three different typical combinations for whichthe parts have been set, respectively, and after they have been operatedi'or playing purposes.

The particular embodiments hereinbeiore referred to will be described indetail, without, however, intending thereby to restrict the inventionthereto.

In all the ligures of the drawings, 10-14 inclusive, designate stop keyswhich may be of any suitable kind, the ones illustrated being thepivoted tablets now preferred for .use in the modern pipe Organ. Thesestop keys are individually pivoted upon a common stationary shaft l5 soas to be severally movable about the shaft into on or off position, bythe organist. They govern communication of the sets or groups of toneemitting elements, couplers, swells ete., respectively, with the windsystem of the organ, it being understood in this connection Cil Vporatedin the instrument.

that when the outer end of any tablet is depressed to its on positionthe particular stop controlled thereby is operative vand that when theouter end of saidl tablet is'raised to its off position the particlarstop controlled thereby is inoperative.

' Since the tone emitting elements, couplers, swells etc., through whichthey have communication with the wind system of the organ and the meansoperable under control of the stop keys to control said means ofcommunication form no part of the present invention and are well knownin the art, they have not been herein illustrated and need not beparticularly described.

Each stop key is provided, as usual, with a spring a? (shown best inFig. G) operatively related thereto to throw the key to either its on oroff position when it has passed a position midway between the two, thesesprings thereby operating toV hold the keys against accidentaldisplacement from their set positions, either on or off.

It will, of course, be understood that the number of stops and lstopkeys varies in different organs and that each stop included in the organwill have Vits appropriate stop key, and, further, that wherever the'term stop or stop keys is used herein, it is intended to include notonly thoseY stops which have reference to speaking-pipes or toneemitting elements, but also to the mechanical stops, as swells, couplersetc., which may be incor- As already stated, this invention has to dowith certain improvements in the mechanisms hitherto proposed by whichonel or more different combinations of stops may be prepared by theorganist and severally brought into operation, during the playing of acomposition, by the actuation' of the corresponding combinationoperating element, respectively predetermined for the purpose in thepreparation or setting of the combinations. Y

A series of shafts 16 corresponding to the respective stop keys havetheir outer ends suitably connected to the inner ends of the latter, themeans shown for this purpose comprising cranks 17 and links 18. Each ofthese shafts is provided along its lengthwith a'series of actuators B,each comprising two complementary members,` marked 19 and 20,respectively. Onemember, as 19, of each actuating element is fixed onits shaft 16 and theother member, 20,is supported by said shaft and has`pivotal movement relatively thereto. v j

Each of these "actuators also has atl each of its ends a means operativeautomatically to releasably lock their corresponding ends to each other`when said ends vhaveY been brought' into uxtaposition. A suitable'meansfor this-purpose comprises complementary cup-'shaped recesses andprojectins formed on each end of the respective members 19 and 20 andadapted to interengage when brought into registrationwith'each other byrelative movement of said members. Such `locking or fastening means areindicated at b, b in the drawings. Itis preferred in practice that eachmember 19 be composed of two sides spaced from each other to receive thecomplementary member 20 between them. Attention'is calledto thefact-that the members 19 and 20 of each actuator are relatively soshaped that between the two extremes of synchronously whenever rockingmovementA yis imparted either to the stop key by the finger of theorganist on said key or by pressure applied to the appropriateactuatorB.

Pressure is applied to the actuators to move the correspondingstop keysby a means which includes combination operating elements here shown as aseries of slides A, each comprising two members 21 and 22 arranged onopposite sides `of all of the shafts 16 and connected with each otherfor unitary movement, as by the end strips 23 and '211. The number ofthese slidesvaries in raccordance with the number of differentcombinations which the instrument'is constructed to provide for at vanyone time. Each slide is suitably pressed resiliently outward, as bymeans of a. spring such as shown at X in Figs. 5 and 7. Each has one ofits longitudinal members provided with a series of lateral projections25 and its other 'longitudinal member provided with alike series oflateral projections 26. The series of projections 25, and also theseries of projections 26, on each slide, correspond in number with thenumber of shafts 16, and the projections 25- are operatively related to'one end of the members 20 of the respective actuators B while theprojections 26 are operatively related to the other ends of saidmembers. The cooperative action of the projections and actuators will behereinafter set forth. In the construction illustrated each Vslide A isformed of a'iiat plate and a longitudinal member27 of greater thicknessthan the platezsaid plate having a longitudinal opening 28b`ounded bythe members 21 and 22 l V'lpwer edge' of the plate and havingend-portions or members, 29 (Figs. 5 and 7 and 30, (Figs. 1 4)projecting outwardly in opposite directions therefrom-beyond the veritical planes of the ends of the plate. In the l other', marked C, shownin Fig. 7, is fixed and is applicable to the construction shown in Figs.1 4, inclusive, as well as to the construction shown in Figs. 7 and 8.Each spring X, inV all illustrated forms, has one oi its free endsconnected to the rear end of the corresponding projection 29.

In the operation of preparing a combination, the particular slide Awhich has been selected to operate the combination is moved inwardrelatively to the actuators B and to place it in such position that itsprojections will substantially engage the upper ends of the members 20of the corresponding actuators. lVhile the parts are in this position,the outer ends of the stop keys corresponding to the particular stopswhich are to come on are pressed downward to their.

fullest extent, while the outer ends of the stop keys which are to gooit under control of this slide are pressedv upward to their fullestextent, andthe outer ends of those keys which are to be neutral in thisparticular combination, are moved to a midposition. rhe describedmovement of the key or keys corresponding to the stop or stops which areto come on turns the corresponding shaft or shafts 16 andactuatormembers 19 and since the members 2O of said actuators are heldagainst movement at this time by the slide it follows that the lowerends of the actuator-members 19 will be brought into juxtaposition witht-he lower ends o'll theA actuator-members. 20 by this downward movementof the keys. The parts are so correlated that at the end of thismovement of the stop key or keys the holding elements b, bat thelowerends of the corresponding actuator-members will snap intoengagement with each otherv so as to hold these ends together. Thedescribed movement of the key vor keys corresponding to the stops whichare to go off under control of this particular' slide, turns thecorresponding shaft or shafts 16V and actuatingmember or members 19,relatively to the corresponding member or members 20 and causes thesemembers to be locked together at their upper ends instead of at theirlower ends: and the descr-ibed movement of stop key or keys tomid-position places the members of the actuator or actuatorscorresponding to the keys so moved, in such relation to each other andto the slide that no movement of the slide will be communicated to saidactuators.

`By way of concrete examples: let us assume that the organist desires toprepare three different con'ibinatior-.s t the stops controlled by thestop-keys marked 10-1-1, inclusive, in Fig. 1 of the drawing and that inone of these combinations, identified as first combination, the stopscontrolled by keys 10 and 12, are to come on while the stops controlledby keys 11, 13 and 14 are to go ofi when the particular slide A selectedto operate this combination-is actuated; while in another combination,identilied as combination No. 2, the stops controlled by keys 10, 11 and13 are to come on and the stops controlled by keys 12 and 14 are to goolif when the particular slide A selected for this operation isoperated; and in still another combination, identified as combinationllo. 3, the stop controlled by key 10 is to remain neutral, while thestops controlled by keys 12 and 14 are to come on and the stopscontrolled by keys 11 and 13 are to go otlwt the organist in preparingthese combinations, proceeds as follows:

The particular slide which is to operate the first combination is movedinward and while it is being held in said position the organist pressesthe outer ends of stop keys 10 and 12 downward as far as they will goand all other stop keys upward as tar as they will go; in preparing'combination No. 2 he similarly piesses the outer ends of stop keys 10,11 and 13 downward and the remaining stop keys upward, while the slidewhich controls this combination is in its inward position; and .inpreparing combination No. 3 be places stop key No. 10 in a mid-position,presses stop keys Nos. 12 and 14 downward to their fullest extent andstop keys 11 and 13 upward tothcir fullest extent, while the selectedslide is in its inward position. As already described, in preparing thefirst combination the members 19 and 20 ot' the actuators correspondingto keys 10 and 12 were locked to each other atf their lower ends, whilethe members 19 and 20 of the actuators corresponding to keys 11, 13 and14 were locked to eacli other at their upper ends; and that in preparingcombination number 2, the actuators correspondto keys 10, 11 and 13 havetheir members 19 and 20 locked to each other at their lower ends, whilethe similarinembers of the actuators corresponding to keys 12 and 14 arelocked together at their upper ends; and

that -in preparing combination No. 3 theV members of the actuatorscorresponding to keys 12 and 14 are locked together at their lower ends,the members corresponding to keys 11 and 13 are locked to each other attheir upper ends, while the members of the actuators corresponding tokey '10* will be free fromv each other atl both ends 'of said actuator.

Ot course, itwill be understood` that when each combination has-beenprepar'ed all keys Vwhich had beenl moved from their normal offpositions in setting the combination are returned to their saidpositions, respectively, and the slide which had been selected tooperate said vcombination andwhichwas heldinward while the combinationlwas being prepared, is' released and thereupon will be returned -to itsouter position by its spring X.

Fromthe'foregoing it will be clear thatif the particular slide selectedto operate or controll the first combination be Athereafter pressed'inward'it will act upon vthe lower, locked togetherfends ot theactuators corresponding tokeys 10 and 12 and upon t-he"upper, lockedtogether, ends or" the actuators corresponding to keys 11,13 and 14 insuchE mannenas to cause theV stops corresponding lto keysl() and 12tospeak, and

the othersfto discontinue speaking, if they were on orto remain F ott itthey were already rothv it, of course,being'under stood'that in thisoperation the keys 10 and 112 are moved to their on position and thekeys 11, 13 and 14 'moved to their ott position, if on at this time, bythe cooperative action of the saidslide and' actuators; andl similarlythat when in the playing of the organ the particular slide selected tooperate or control combination No. 2 is moved inwardit will act upon thelower, locked together, ends of the actuators corresponding to keysA10,- 11` and 13 "insuch manner as-to bring said keys into on positionandi upon the upperl'ocked together' ends of the actuators correspondingto keys 12y and 14to move them Vto 5 ofi' p`osition; and, finally, thatwhen the `*slide selected to operate or control combination vNo." `3 ismoved inward by the organist to bring this combination into operation,stop keys 12 and 14 are loweredfto on position and stop keys 1l. and131areraised to oit position, by the Yco-operative action o-s'a-'idslide and the actuators corresponding tosaid keys,

` while the `slidewill have no-etect whatever upon the actuatorsvcorrespondingto key and hence the stop controlledby'said key will remainon if lalready on or oit if it was off at this moment.

Theslides A may beseverally operated inv various ways, or byv variousmeans, two typical means being illustrated for-exemplary purposes. Inone; of these means they are operated by force derived from electricallycontrolledpneumatics which are under con-v trol of t-he organist,lonesuitable means" for this purpose `being shown in Figs. 1-4, vin-They m'ay, however, be'- severally clusive. operated by torce derivedfrom the fingers of the organist applied in a more direct manlationto'other lelements that each will have two? distinct land well deiinedphases of i' movement in the same direction for certain purposes, onefor the setting operation and the otherVfor theplaying operation, as inthe constructions exemplified by Figs. 1 6, inclusive, or the samepurposes may be accomplished by providing for additional movements ofthe stop keys in lieu ofthe able'` embodiment'in which each slide A hastwo distinct phases of movement inthe same direction imparted to it byvan operating means'therefor which includes an electricallycontrolledipower pneumatic, P, connected to the outer end of thecorresponding slidememberY 30 and having its-interior in operativerelationship', through a port 31, with a Wind channel' 32 which hascommunication with a. chamber yM through a port 33 controlled bytwovalve members m and n. The valve member m has a port 34 andthe valvemember n has a port 35. These valve members are slidable relativelytoeach other and to vthe port' 33, the member n being connected by a-roda with the movable member of pneumatic P, while the member m isconnected by a rod in with the movable member of a pneumatic Q. `Tl1e.chamber M con.- tains-air at atmospheric pressure when the stopcontrolled -bythe corresponding slide A is not in any combination, andat other times contains air at pressure abovethat of thelatmolsphere,inL vthe arrangement illustrated. lts *communication withthe atmosphere is through a port'37, duct 38 and port 39.

end'to a pneumatic 43 whose' chamber isv ma`rked'43.` The pneumatic Q isat all times subject externally 'to thetension of the air in the chamberM while internally it is'subject at certain times to air at atmosphericThe air at pressure above thatl ofthe atmosphere enters the chamber M'`ner thereto,'as shown in Figs. 5-9, inclusive. tvMoreover, they maybeso larranged `with repressure introduced thereinto through channels 44and 45 and a port 46 and at other times to the pressure of the air inthe chamber O, which air enters the same through a, port Hand the saidchannels 45 and 44. These ports 46 and 47 are controlled by a valve48mounted on a stem 49 which is operatively related to a pneumatic 50whose chamber is'fjmarled 50.

R and S', designate two electro-magnets whose armatures 7 and a ferm, orare provided with, valve members. The valve member 7 operates betweenand is adapted to close two ports, 51 and'52, alternately; and the valvemember s operates between and is adapted to cles'txvo ports 53 and 54alternately. The ports 51 and are atmospheric ports respectively leadingto chambers 55 and 56 which are also respectively tapped by the ports 52and 54. The latter ports are in communication with the pressure chamberO through channels 57 and 57 respectively. Chamber 55 has communicationwith the chamber 43 of pneumatic 43 through channels 68 while otherchannels, 69, connect chamber 50' of pneumatic 50 with chamber 56. Themagnet R is in an electrical circuit which starts from ra source otelectrical energy, as the battery 58, and traverses, in turn, wire 59,terminals 60 and 6W, wire 61, magnet R, and back to the source throughwire 62. The magnet S is in an electrical circuit which starts from asource otl electrical energy, as the battery 63, and traverses, in turn,wire 64, .terminals and 65', wire 66, magnet S, and back to the sourceby way of wire 67. A suitable means for controlling the circuits whichin turn control. the operation of the correspond- .ing slides A,comprises a plunger T which is preferably spring pressed outward and hasits stem so correlated with suitable switches and 7l, Fig. l, for therespective circuits that it will close the circuit which energizes themagnet R when pressed in a certain distance and will close the circuitwhich energizes the magnet S when pressed in an additional distance.

lhen the wind system of the organ is under pressure, the controlling oractuatingr means of every stop which is not on has its elements in theposition shown in Fig. 2, upon reference to which it will be noticed:

That atmospheric port 46 and pressure port 40 are closed whileatmospheric port 37 and pressure port 4T are open. Hence, chamber M'willbe closed against pressure chamber O and in communication with theatmosphere through port 39, channel 38 and port 37 5 while the interiorof pneumatic Q will be closed against the atmosphere and incommunication with pressure chamber O through channels 44 and 45 andport 47. The result, of course, is the expansion of saidpneumatic Q andthe positioning of valve members m and n with their ports 34 and 35 infull registration with each other and with port 33 leading to channel32. This channel now contains air at atmospheric.pressure and since theinterior of pneumatic l) is in open communication with said channel andits exterior is at the same time (and, in fact, always) subject to airat atmospheric pressure it follows that the pressures within and withoutsaid pneumatic counterbalance each other. lVhile the pressu-res are thuscounterbalanced the pneumatic is collapsed and held in collapsedcondition, as by a suitable spring, as usual, aided if necessary by thespring X which resiliently presses the corresponding slide i outward.The corresponding slide, therefore, is in its outer position. At thistime, of course, the magnets R and S are deenergized.

The procedure in setting the mechanism in the preparation of acombination is as follows:-

The organist presses inward to its fullest extent the particular plungerT which he has selected as the one to control the combination beingmade. This plunger' in its inward movement closes the circuits throughthe magnets R and S and thereby energizcs said magnets. The energizingof magnet R causes it to attract its armature fr and there- -by opensthe atmospheric port 51 and closes thc pressure port 52 ot chamber 55.Communication of chamber 43 ot pouch pneumatic 43 with pressure chamberO is thus cut oil and at the same time said chamber 43 is opened to theatmosphere through port 5l, chamber 55 and channel 68. This rcsults inthe deflation of the pneumatic 4B by the preponderating pressure inchamber t), and this deflation causes movement of valve members 4l and42 and the closing of atmospheric port 37 and opening et pressure port40; thereby placing chamber M in communication with pressure chamber O.As soon as communication of chamber M1 with pressure chamber O isestablished there will be an inrush of air under pressure above that etthe atmosphere from said chamber M into channel 32, through the fullyregistered ports 34, 35 and 32. The particular power pneumatic Pconnected with said channel 32 is thus subjected to internal pressuresufficiently strong to inflate it. As it becomes intlated outwardmovement ot' its movable member draws with it the valve member n andthereby positions the port 35 in said valve member out oi registrationwith port 34 of valve member m, and thus cuts olf communication betweenthe chamber M and the interior olf the power pneumatic P. This completesthe first phase of inward movement of the slide A, it being, of course,understood that the inflation of said pneumatic caused itcorrespondingly to move the particular slide A to which it is connected.The parts are now in the position shown in Fig. 3.

The admission into chamber M of air at pressure above that of theatmosphere also resulted in a counterbalancing of the internal andexternal pressures to which the pneumatic Q is subjected, since theinterior of said pneumatic is still in communication with pressurechamber O, through channels` 44 and 45 and port 47 It will beremembered, however, that in the setting operation the plunger T ispushed inward to its fullest extent and,A therefore, that the circuitthrough magnet `S is' closed at the end orp the inward movement of saidplunger. this magnet opens the corresponding atmospheric port q53 andcloses the corresponding pressure port t 54, thereby closing thecorresponding chamber 50 or' pouch pneumatic 50 against pressure chamberO and opening it to the atmosphere. The eressure in chamber 0 willthereupon become effective upon said pneumatic to cause movement of thevalve 48 to open atmospheric port 46 and close pressure port 47 of thecorresponding chamber 50.- The interior of pneumatic Q is thus cut ofi"from communication with pressure chamber O and is vented to theatmosphere, whereupon the pressure in chamber M, which of course isstill in communication with pressure chamber C, becomes effective tocollapse said pneumatic, with the result that valve member m is moved,relatively to valve member n, `to a position which re-establishescommunication of chamber M with chamber 32, through the ports 34, 35 and33. This re-v sultsin an additional expansion or" pneu-` matic P and, inconsequence, the second phase of inward movementof the correspondingslide A. The parts are now in the position shown in Fig. 4.

The correlation of the parts is such that both phases of inward movementof the slide are brought about in the setting operation while its iirstphase of movement only is accomplished in the playing operation. inother words, in the setting operation both magnets R and S are energizedby the pushing inward orp the plunger T to the extent which closes bothcircuits, while in the playing operation-i. e. to bring the setcombination into operationthe magnet R only is operated.

Vlhen the setting operation has been completed the circuits whichenergized the magnets R and S, respectively, are broken by thewithdrawal of the corresponding plunger T. The de-energization of magnetS closes atmospheric port 53 and opens pressure port 54, thereby placingchamber 50 oit pouch pneumatic 50 under pressure equal to that inchamber O, whereupon valve 48 will close atmospheric port 46 and openThe closing of the circuit through pressure port 47, thus increasing thepressure of the air in the interior of pneumatic Q to the same as thatin chamber O. The de-energization of magnet Ri', which obviously occursimmediately after the de-energization of magnet S, causes theatmospheric port 53 to be closed and the pressure port 54 to be opened,thereby placing chamber 43 of pouch pneumatic 43 in communication withpressure chamber O.

Thisfresults in movement of valve members 42 and 41 to-close pressureport 40 and open atmospheric port 37, l respectively. Hence,communication of chamber M- with pressure chamber Ois eut oit and saidchamber M- is vented to the atmosphere. Chamber M and pneumatic P nowcontain air at atmospheric pressure and pneumatic Q contains air atpressure above that of the atmosphere. The preponderating pressure inthe pneumatic Q causes the expansion of said pneumatic, while thecounterbalancing of pressures within'and without the pneumatic P permitsthe spring or springs which are operatively related to said pneumatic tobecome effective to deilate the same. The expansion of pneumatic Q movesthe valve member m toward the right and the defiation of pneumatic Pmoves the valve member n similarly toward the right, thus restoring theparts to the position originally occupied by them (shown in- Fig. 2)ready to bring on the combination predetermined by the settingoperation, whenever the circuit is closed through the magnet R withoutbeing closed through the magnet S.

It-will be understood that springs or the like may be provided wherevernecessary or desirable to operate or assist in the operation of any ofthe pneuma-tics in one direction.

It is to be observed that the valve member m. has a depression 34 in itsupper face and that the valve member 11, has an opening 36 inregistration with said depression. This depression and opening are .incommunication with the atmosphere through a channel 36. By means of thisconnection to the atmosphere a slight pressure is maintained upon thevalve members operative to hold them in place whenever conditions ofsure exist in the chamber M.;

Figs. '5, 6, 7, 8 and 9 illustrate a means for operating each slide Awithout the intervention of power pneumatics or electrical controls.This means comprises a plunger 100 for each slide, connected with thelatter by a bell crank lever, one arm (101) of which is pivoted to theinner end of a projection 100 from the plunger, and the other arm (102)of which is pivoted to one end of an arm 103 whose other end is pivoted,at 104 presto an end ofthe corresponding slide A; Each v bell cranklever is pivoted at 105 to an appropriate part oit the organ structure.

These figures illustrate constructions which are alike in respect of themeans last described but differ in respect of the means they disclosefor permitting a setting of any of the stops in neutral position.

In the construction shown best in Figs. 5 and 6 the capability of thesetting of the parts into the referred to neutral position without anyliability of anyv fluttering of the stops corresponding to actuatorswhich are in a neutral setting when the combinations including saidactuators are operated, is made possibleby providing in the settingoperation for an extent of travel of each slide additional to thatthereafter required into bringing the stops into on or off condition,being in this broad respect the construction shown in Figs. bei.,inclusive; but since the electrical controls and power pneumaticsco-operating in the construction shown in Figs. 1-4 to move the slidesare not employed and since means should be employed to define the phasesof inward movement of the slides, when such movements are contemplated,there may be employed for the latter purpose, a stop means, such as thehereinbefore wall D resiliently pressed forward, by a spring or springs201, into the path of rearward movement of the slide. The correlation ofthe slide and stop is such that when the slide and stop are both intheir forward positions, they will be separated a distance which permitsthe slide to traverse its first phase of inward movement in the settingoperation, before it comes into contact with the stop, the second phaseof inward movement ofthe slide then requiring greater force to overcomethe tension of the spring or springs (201). This wall thus defines theinner end of the first phase of inward movement of the slide andindicates when said movement has been completed, for convenience of theorganist in operating the combination which has been set to becontrolled by said slide. In the particular construction exemplif ingthis form of the invention, the stop I5 is pivoted at itsupper end, (atd) and the inner end of the slide member 28 has a shoulder 203 to engagethe stop. There may be one stop common to all the slides. or a separatestop for each slide, as desired. In other words, the stop may be acontinuous member, different portions of whose length are in operativerelation with the slides respectively, or in lieu of suoli continuousmember, there may be employed a series of independently movable stopsfor the series of independently movable slides,respectively.

F igs. 8 and 9 exemplify a construction in which the resilient stopmeans operates upon the lstop keys. In this construction the opening 300through which the finger portion of the stop key projects is providedabove and below said portion with resilient fingers 301 and 302,respectively so correlated with the stop key and opening 300 that theywill define the normal movement of the stop key i. e. the movement ofthe stop keys from or into its off position, while permitting additionalmovement of said key in the setting operation. It will be noticed inthis connection that the opening 300 is enlarged at opposite sides ofthe stop key and contiguous to the outer portions of the fingers, asshown at 303 and 80.4, respectively, and have channels 305 and 306 whichreceive the bent free outer ends of said fingers when the key is pressedup or down beyond its before mentioned normal travel. Of course, it willbe understood that there is one pair of these spring fingers for every.stop key. It will be noted that this embodiment typifies a constructionin which the two phases of movement are of the stopkeys instead of theslides.

lVhether the two phases of movement are in the stop keys or in theslides, it is apparent that these movements are relative between theslides and stop keys. It should also be understood that the terms inwardor outward, upper and lower, atmospheric pressure and pressure abovethat of the atmosphere are elnploycd herein in an illustrative sense andnot with a purpose of restricting the invention to the particulararrangements of parts shown or to the use of the particular pressuresnamed. It will also berunderstood that the constructions illustrated aremerely exemplary and that the details may be changed and the inventionotherwise and variously embodied without departing from its spirit orthe scope of appended claims. For example: (l) the combination slidesmay be operated, when a motor is used, by one master motor instead of bysmall individual motors, and (2) the work done by the second touchapplied to the plunger may be accomplished by using a single additionalplunger or stop key, operative to control the second movement of themaster motor, for instance. Finally, it will be understood that incertain instances it may not be impracticable to employ the actuatorsherein described without moans of the broad or specific character hereinset forth for setting them, as

they may be set directly by hand, instead of by the stop keys, orconjoint action of stop keys and combination operating elements,although the advantages of the setting of the actuators without havingto enter or to reach into the interior of the organ will be apparent.

Having now described the invention and set forth certain typicalembodiments thereof what I believe to be new and desire to secure byLetters Patent, is :M

l. A combination stop mechanism for organs or the like comprisingelements each Voperative with `relation to vthe actuators Which havebeenset to on or off position to-'move the other means accordingly andinoperative With relation to those actuators jwhich are set to neutralposition.

3. A combination stop mechanism for'organs or the like, comprisingactuators sete table into lonposition, of"position, or neutral position,and ystop keys and combination voperating kelements co-operativelyoperative to set any'iof said actuators into position lin Whichthecorresponding stop will come on -or go offundercontrol'of thecombination operating elements or be unaffected by the operation of tlielatter.

4. A combination stop` mechanism Y`for organs or the like, comprisingactuators set-V tableinto on position, off position, or neutral7position, and stop keys `and combination operating elements, conjointlyoperative With relation to saidactuators to set` any of the latter intopositions to cause the stopkeys to be moved to on or olf posi:v tionunder control of the combination op-` erating elements, in accordanceWith the* settings of the actuators, the stop keys being also operativeto set any of the actuators iiitopositioirvvithrelation to'the`combination-operating elements to be inoperative thereby.

5. A combination stop mechanism for organs or the like, comprising stopkeys,com

bination operating elements and connections including reversiblyoperative actuators settable by theLv conjoint operation of said stopkeys and combination operating elements and when so set are operativeto'move the stopkeys onto on or olf position under control of saidoperating elements and also settable to neutral position so as to beunaffected by the operation of said elements.`

6. In a combination stopmechanism for organs or the like, a pluralityofreversibly operative actuators-each comprising a plurality of membersmovable together in the operation of the combination and relatively toeach other into a position to render the actuator inoperative in eitherdirection.

7. In a combinationl stop mechanism for organs or thelike, a series ofactuators each comprising a plurality of relatively movable .membersreleasably ,securable to each other ,the corresponding shaft and acomplementary member supported by the shaft and movablerelativelypthereto, said .members correlated to be releasably securableto each other at either end, toI render the actuator reversiblyoperative, and settable to an in termediate position to be inoperativein either direction.

9. In a combination stop mechanism. for organs or the like, a pluralityof shafts, a plurality of actuators on each of the same, each actuatorcomprising a member fixed to the corresponding shaft and a complement`ary member supported bythe shaft and movable relatively thereto, saidmembers correlated to be releasably secui'able to each other at eitherend, to render the actuator reversibly'loperative, and settable to an intermediate position to be l inoperative in'` either direction, and`setting `.and operating means Y operatively connected to saidactuators.'

10. In a combination stop mechanism for organsor the like, a pluralityof shafts, a plurality of actuators on each of the same, each actuatorcomprising a member fixed to thecorresponding shaft and a complementarymember supported by the'shaft and movable relatively thereto, saidmembers correlated to be releasably securable to each other at eitherend, to render the actuator reversibly operative, and settable to an inAtermediate position to be inoperative in either direction, and settingand operating means including stop keys operatively connected to saidshafts and operating elements movable relatively'to the shafts andhaving members engageable with the' ends of the actuators. Y

11; A combination stop mechanism for organs or the like, comprisingreversibly operative actuators, respectivelyalso settable to neutralposition, and setting and operating means operatively connected witheach actuator and including elements Which have relative movement forthe setting operation and move together for the playing operation andWhose extent of relative movement in the setting operation is differentfrom that of their movement together for the playing operation.

12. lA combination stop mechanism for organs or the like, comprisingreversibly operative actuators, respectively settable also to a neutralposition, and relatively movable greater than that traversed by them inthe playing operation.

14. A combination stop ,mechanism for organs and the like, comprisingactuators settable into on position, ott position or neutral position,and combination operating elements having members engageable with theactuators tor the playing operation,

each combination operating element being movable relatively to thecorresponding actuators in the setting operation and having in saidoperation a greater extent of movement than the distance traversed b vitin the play ing operation.

15. A combination stop mechanism for organs and the like, comprisingractuators settable into on position, oli position or neutral position,setting iii-cans including stop keys having connection with theactuators and combination operating elements having members engageablewith corresponding actuators, said combination operating elements beingmovable relativel-y to the actuators and stop keys in the settingoperation and being operative to move said actuators and stop keys inthe playing operation and having in the setting operation a movement ofgreater length than in the playing operation.

1G. A combination stop mechanism for organs or the like, comprisingcombination setting and operating means, including com binationoperating elements and electrically controlled means respectivelyoperative to move said elements through two phases in the settingoperation and one oit said phases in the playing operation.

17. A combination stop mechanism for organs or the like, comprisingcombination setting and operating means, including combination operatingelements and electrically controlled means respectively operative tomove said elements and each including a plurality of successivelycontrollable circuits and connections between the same and thecorresponding combination operating element operative to move the lattervarying distances according to the number et the circuits closed.

18. A combination stop mechanism for organs or the like, comprisingactuators settable into on position, off position or neutral position,combination operating elements having members engageable with theactuators for the playing operation, each combination operating elementbeing movable relatively to the corresponding actuators in the settingoperation, power pneumatics connected to the respective combinationoperating elements and electrically controlled control means for saidpower pneumatics, respectively, each control means including a pluralityof circuits and operative connections to the corresponding powerpneumatic to cause the latter to move the combination operating elementa greater distance in the setting operation than in the playingoperation.

19. In a combination stop mechanism for organs and the like, settableactuators and setting and operating means, operative with relation tosaid actuators and including combination operating elements, a powerpneumatic tor each operating element, and control means for each powerpneumatic, each control means having a plurality of relatively movableported valves one of which is operated by the power pneumatic, a secondpneumatic to operate the other valve, said valves conjointly controllingthe air tensions within the power pneumatic, pneumatically operablevalves to control the air tensions to which the second pneumatic issubjected and electrically controlled control means for the lattervalves, including a plurality of successively controllable circuits bothof which are closed in the setting operation and only one of which isclosed in the playing operation.

2l). A combination stop mechanism for organs or the like comprisingactuating elements each settable into an on position, an oit position ora neutral position, a slidable combination setting and operating elementhaving members to engage said a2- tuating elements in itscombination-setting and combination-operating movements, anoperator-controlled inea-ns to operate said slidable element in onedirection in the setting operation and for the playing opera* tion,means to move said slidable element in the opposite direction at theends of the setting and playing operations, and an element movablerelatively to the combination setting and operating element andco-operating therewith in the setting of the combination.

21. A combination stop mechanism for organs or the like comprisingactuating elements each settable into an on position, an oil position ora. neutral position, a slidable combination setting and operatingclement having members to engage said actuating elements in itscombination-setting and combination-operating movements, anoperator-controlled means to operate said slidable element in onedirection in the set-V v ting operation and for the playing operation,means to move said slidable element in *n the opposite direction at. theends of the setting and playing operations, and an element :movablerelatively to the combination setting and operating element andco-operating therewith in the setting of the combination and movablewith said combination seti ments each including a plurality ofrelatively movable members having means to releasably` secure themtogether at either end of the actuator, and relatively movable meansco-operating With each other to move the actuator-members' intopositions to cause their locking means to interengage at the selectedends of the actuators.

23. A combination stop mechanism for lorgans or the like, comprisingactuating elements each including a plurality of relatively ymovablemembers having means to releasably secure them together at either end ofthe actuator, slidable members operative in the setting opera-tion tohold corresponding members 'of the actuators against movement, and stopkeys operative in the setting operation in opposite directions to movethe other members of the actuators into position to interlock with theheld members of the actuators at one end or the other of t-he latteraccording to the direction of movement of the stop keys. Y

24. A combination stop mechanism for organs or the like7 comprisingactuating elements each including a plurality of relatively movablemembers having means to releasably secure them together at either end ofthe actuator, slidable members operative in the setting operation tohold corresponding members of the actuators against movement, stop keysoperative in the setting operation in opposite directions to move theother members of the actuators into posit-ion to interlock With the heldmembers of the actuators at one end or the other of the latteraccordingto the direction of movement of the stop keys, andoperator-controlled means to operate upon said slidable members to-control the stops in accordance with the combinations set by theconjoint ope-rations of said slidable members and keys in the settingoperation.

In testimony whereof I ai'lix my signature.

FREDERICK J. FLAHERTY.

